List of Unix/Linux Commands

Command	Function
addbib	Create or extend a bibliographic database.
alias	Create short nicknames for long commands.
apropos	Locate commands by keyword lookup.
ar	Create library archives and add or extract files.
at, batch	Execute a command at a specified time.
awk	Start a pattern scanning and processing language.
banner	Display a string in large letters.
basename	Display portions of path names and file names.
biff	Give notice of incoming mail messages.
bin-mail, binmail	Start a mail-processing program.
cal	Display a calendar.
calendar	Start a simple reminder service.
cat	Concatenate and display.
cb	Start a simple C program beautifier.
cc	Start a C compiler.
cd, chdir	Change the working directory.
checknr	Check nroff and troff input files and report possible errors.
chgrp	Change the group ownership of a file.
chmod	Change the permissions mode of a file.
chown	Change the ownership of a file or directory to another user.
clear	Clear the screen.
cmp	Perform a byte-by-byte comparison of two files.
colcrt	Filter nroff output for a terminal lacking overstrike capability.
comm	Display lines in common, and lines not in common, between two sorted lists.
compress	Compress files.
cp	Copy or duplicate a file.
cpio	Copy file archives in and out of an archive file.
cpp	Start the C language preprocessor.
csh	Start a shell (command interpreter) with a C-like syntax and interactive features.
ctags	Create a tags file for use with ex and vi.
date	Display or set the date.
dbx	Start a source-level debugger.
deroff	Remove nroff, troff, tbl, and eqn constructs.
df	Report the free disk space on file systems.
diff	Display line-by-line differences between pairs of text files.
dtree	Display the directory structure.
du	Display the number of disk blocks used per directory or file.
echo	Echo arguments to the standard output.
ed, red	Start a basic line editor.
enscript	Print a text file in a special way.
eqn, neqn, checkeq	Typeset mathematics.
error	Insert compiler error messages at the responsible source-file lines.
ex, edit, e	Start a line editor.
exit	Exit the current shell (may log you out).
expand, unexpand	Expand Tab characters to Space characters, and vice versa.
expr	Evaluate an argument as a logical, arithmetic, or string expression.
file	Determine the type of a file by examining its contents.
find	Find files by name, or by other characteristics.
finger	Display information about users.
fmt, fmt_mail	Start a simple text and mail-message formatter.
fold	Fold long lines for display on an output device of a given width
ftp	Start a file transfer program.
gcore	Get core images of the running processes.
gprof	Display call-graph profile data.
grep	Search a file or files for a regular expression or a string.
groups	Display a user's group memberships.
gzip	Compress a file and add the extension .gz
gunzip	Restores a compressed file to its unencoded state.
hashmake, hashcheck	Report spelling errors.
head	Display the first few lines of a text file.
history	Show the name of the current host system.
imake	Open the C preprocessor interface to the make utility.
indent	Indent and format a C program source file.
install	Install files.
join	Apply this relational database operator.
kill	Terminate a process.
last	Show the last logins by a user or terminal.
ld, ld.so	Open the link editor, or dynamic link editor.
leave	Remind user when to leave.
less	Show one page at a time (opposite of more).
lex	Start a lexical analysis program generator.
lint	Start a C program verifier.
ln	Make hard or symbolic links to files.
login	Log in to the system.
look	Find words in the system dictionary or lines in a sorted list.
lookbib	Find references in a bibliographic database.
lorder	Find an ordering relation for an object library.
lp, cancel	Send/cancel requests to a printer.
lpq	Display the queue of printer jobs.
lpr	Send a job to the printer.
lprm	Remove jobs from the printer queue.
ls	List the contents of a directory.
mail, Mail	Read or send mail messages.
make	Maintain, update, and regenerate related programs and files.
man	Display Unix reference manual pages; get help on a command.
mesg	Permit or deny messages on the terminal.
mkdir, md	Make a directory.
mkstr	Create an error message file by massaging C source files.
more, page	Display a text file one page at a time.
mv	Move or rename files.
nawk	Start the pattern scanning and processing language.
nice	Run a command at low priority.
nm	Print a symbol name list.
nroff	Format documents for display or for a line-printer.
od	Make an octal, decimal, hexadecimal, or ascii dump.
passwd,	Change local or Network Information
chfn, chsh	System (NIS) password.
paste	Join corresponding lines of several files or subsequent lines of one file.
pr	Prepare file(s) for printing.
printenv	Display the environment variables currently set.
prof	Display profile data.
ps	Display the status of current processes.
ptx	Generate a permutated index.
pwd	Display the path name of the current working directory.
quota	Display a user's disk quota and usage.
ranlib	Convert archives to random libraries.
rcp	Copy remote files.
rcs	Change RCS (revision history) file attributes.
rcsdiff	Compare RCS revisions.
rev	Reverse the order of characters in each line.
rlogin	Remote log in to another machine (see telnet).
rm, rmdir	Remove (unlink) a file or directory.
roffbib	Format and print a bibliographic database.
rsh	Open a remote shell.
rup, ruptime	Show the host status of local machines.
rusers	Show whoÆs logged in on local machines.
rwall	Write to all users over a network.
rwho	Show whoÆs logged in on local machines.
sccs	Open the front end for the Source Code Control System (SCCS)
sccs-admin, admin	Create and administer SCCS history files.
sccs-cdc, cdc	Change the delta commentary of an SCCS delta.
sccs-comb, comb	Combine SCCS deltas.
sccs-delta, delta	Make a delta to an SCCS file.
sccs-get, get	Retrieve a version of an SCCS file.
sccs-help, help	Ask for help regarding SCCS error or warning messages.
sccs-prs, prs	Display selected portions of an SCCS history.
sccs-prt, prt	Display delta table information from an SCCS file.
sccs-rmdel, rmdel	Remove a delta from an SCCS file.
sccs-sact, sact	Show the editing-activity status of an SCCS file.
sccs-sccsdiff, sccsdiff	Compare two versions of an SCCS file.
sccs-unget, unget	Undo a previous get of an SCCS file.
sccs-val, val	Validate an SCCS file.
script	Make a typescript of a terminal session.
sed	Start a stream editor.
sh	Open the shell, a standard Unix system command interpreter.
size	Display the size of an object file.
sleep	Suspend execution for a specified interval.
sort	Sort and collate lines.
sortbib	Sort a bibliographic database.
spell, spellin	Report spelling errors.
split	Split a file into pieces.
strings	Find printable strings in an object file or in a binary file.
strip	Remove symbols and relocation bits from an object file.
stty	Set or alter the options for a terminal.
su	Super-user; temporarily switch to a different user ID.
symorder	Rearrange a list of symbols.
tabs	Set tab stops on a terminal.
tail	Display the last part of a file.
talk	Talk to another user.
tar	Create tape archives, and add or extract files.
tbl	Format tables for nroff or troff.
tee	Replicate the standard output.
telnet	Open a connection to a remote system using Telnet protocol.
test	Return true or false according to a conditional expression.
tftp	Open a trivial file transfer program.
time	Time a command.
touch	Update the access and modification times of a file.
troff	Typeset or format documents.
true, false	Provide truth values.
tsort	Perform a topological sort.
tty	Display the name of the terminal.
ue	Start the Full Screen Text Editor Version 3.9e.
ul	Underline.
uncompress	Expand compressed files.
unifdef	Resolve and remove ifdef'd lines from cpp input.
uniq	Remove or report adjacent duplicate lines.
units	Start the conversion program.
uptime	Show how long the system has been up.
users	Display a compact list of users logged in.
uucp, uulog, uuname	Copy from system to system.
uudecode	Decode the ASCII representation of a binary file.
uuencode	Encode a binary file.
uusend	Send a file to a remote host.
uux	Perform remote system command execution.
vacation	Reply to mail automatically.
vgrind	Grind nice program listings.
vi, view, vedit	Start the visual display editor based on ex.
vtroff	Troff to a raster plotter.
w	Show who is logged in and what they are doing.
wait	Wait for a process to finish.
wall	Write to all users logged in.
wc	Display a count of lines, words, and characters.
what	Extract SCCS-version information from a file.
whatis	Display a one-line summary of a keyword.
whereis	Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command.
which	Locate a command; display its path name or alias.
who	Show who is logged in on the system.
whoami	Display the effective current user name.
write	Write a message to another user.
xargs	Construct the arguments list(s)
	and execute a command.
xstr	Extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings.
yacc	Start yet another compiler-compiler, a parsing program generator
yes	Be repetitively affirmative.
zcat	Display compressed files.